A DM is a Room with a new is_dm flag, not a separate model -- reuses all the membership/message/WS plumbing Room already has instead of duplicating it. The room's `name` (still required + globally unique) is an internal, never-displayed token derived deterministically from the two participants' sorted user IDs (dm_room_name), which makes find-or-create a single indexed lookup and gets free race-condition safety from the existing unique constraint -- a concurrent double- start from both people just hits the same IntegrityError->retry-as- lookup path create_room already established. Both participants get the plain 'member' role (no owner/admin distinction makes sense for a 1:1 DM), which incidentally reuses every existing role gate to block add-member, room-settings edits, and join-via-browse on a DM for free. update_room also gets an explicit is_dm guard independent of that, since renaming a DM isn't just a privacy concern -- it would silently corrupt the find-or-create invariant. DMs are excluded from both Browse Rooms and the admin portal's room listing (fully private, per scope). GET /api/rooms/mine precomputes each DM's other participant (name, avatar, presence) as dm_partner in one batched query, so the sidebar can render a DM row without a fetch per row. Frontend: a new "Direct Messages" sidebar section (searchable by partner name, not the internal room name), clicking someone in the People list starts or resumes a DM, and the chat header/composer/RoomInfoPanel all render the partner's identity instead of a room name where it's a DM. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
DS Chat
A self-hosted, real-time team chat service in the spirit of Slack/Discord/ Mattermost (channel-based, no threaded conversations) — built from scratch as a full-stack solo project, running in production on my own infrastructure rather than as a demo. Invite-only: there's no public sign-up, every account comes from an admin invite or a room invite. See ARCHITECTURE.md for the full system design and phased build plan.
| Custom theme builder | Same room, custom theme applied |
|---|---|
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Also responsive on mobile — screenshot
Features
- Auth & accounts — session-based auth, invite-only signup (admin-issued site invites or room invites, both delivered by email), password reset, per-user light/dark/midnight/sunset presets plus a live theme builder for fully custom, named, savable color themes.
- Rooms — open and private rooms, owner/admin/member roles, invites, room browsing/search, file/image galleries per room.
- Real-time chat — WebSocket-based messaging with automatic reconnect and backoff, Markdown rendering, @mentions with autocomplete and inline highlighting, emoji reactions, message editing, image and file attachments (drag-and-drop, paste, or picker) with inline previews for images/PDFs/text/Markdown, unread indicators, and presence (online/away/ offline, with a manual "appear offline" override).
- Notifications — Web Push for offline/backgrounded members, with per-type opt-in/out (mentions vs. all messages), plus in-app unread badges.
- PWA — installable, offline-capable (cached room/message data, a dedicated offline banner), with automatic update detection that prompts a reload as soon as a new deploy goes live.
- Admin portal — user management, site invites, SMTP configuration, audit log, and management of the bot/webhook system below.
- Bots & integrations — scoped API tokens for bot accounts, incoming webhooks (post into a room from an external system) and outgoing webhooks (signed HMAC event delivery on message create/update), all with SSRF protection on any admin-supplied external URL.
- Scale-out — Redis-backed pub/sub for WebSocket fan-out and presence, so the app runs across multiple horizontally-scaled instances rather than a single process.
Tech stack
- Backend: Python, FastAPI, SQLAlchemy 2.0 (fully async), PostgreSQL, Redis, Alembic migrations, argon2 password hashing, Web Push (VAPID).
- Frontend: React 19, TypeScript, Vite, a hand-rolled WebSocket client with reconnect/backoff and visibility-aware presence, a PWA service worker (Workbox) for offline caching and push.
- Deployment: two bare Debian 13 servers (app + DB/cache), no containers — see DEPLOYMENT.md.
Structure
backend/— FastAPI + SQLAlchemy 2.0 (async) + PostgreSQL + Redis. Seebackend/README.mdfor local setup, migrations, how to create a user (site registration is invite-only — no public sign-up endpoint), and the full API surface.frontend/— React + Vite PWA covering the full feature set: auth, room roles/invites, chat, offline caching, push notifications, and the admin portal. Seefrontend/README.md.
Quickstart
# 1. Postgres (see backend/README.md for details)
docker run -d --name ds-chat-postgres \
-e POSTGRES_USER=ds_chat -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=ds_chat -e POSTGRES_DB=ds_chat \
-p 5432:5432 postgres:16-alpine
# 2. Redis (required — used for cross-instance WebSocket fan-out and presence)
docker run -d --name ds-chat-redis -p 6379:6379 redis:7-alpine
# 3. Backend
cd backend
python3 -m venv .venv
.venv/bin/pip install -e ".[dev]"
cp .env.example .env # then set SESSION_SECRET
.venv/bin/alembic upgrade head
.venv/bin/python -m app.cli create-user alice alice@example.com "some-password"
.venv/bin/uvicorn app.main:app --reload &
# 4. Frontend (in another shell)
cd frontend
npm install
npm run dev
Then open http://localhost:5173 and log in with the account created above.
The Vite dev server proxies /api and /ws to the backend on :8000, so no
CORS configuration is needed in development.
Deployment
See DEPLOYMENT.md for the full production runbook — two Debian 13 servers, no containers, matching ARCHITECTURE.md §9.
License
AGPL-3.0-or-later — see LICENSE. If you run a modified version of this software as a network service, you must make the corresponding source available to its users (AGPL §13).


