Make the web app installable as a PWA (Tier 1: app shell + offline fallback)

Adds a manifest, service worker, and branded icons so the site can be
installed to a home screen/desktop, plus an offline fallback page so a
dropped connection shows something friendlier than the browser's default
error. Icons are rasterized from the existing favicon.svg mark via
rsvg-convert. The manifest and service worker are served through small
Django views (not raw static files) so their asset URLs pick up
WhiteNoise's content-hashed filenames in prod/selfhosted, and the service
worker is served from the site root so its scope covers the whole app.

Does not include true offline task data or Web Push notifications --
those are tracked separately as larger follow-up projects.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

templates/base.html

@@ -9,6 +9,13 @@
     <!-- Favicon -->
     <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="{% static 'favicons/favicon.svg' %}">
     <link rel="alternate icon" href="{% static 'favicons/favicon.svg' %}" type="image/svg+xml">
+    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="{% static 'favicons/apple-touch-icon-180.png' %}">
+
+    <!-- PWA -->
+    <link rel="manifest" href="{% url 'manifest' %}">
+    <meta name="theme-color" content="#3B82F6">
+    <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
+    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
 
     <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/app.css' %}?v=6">
     {% block extra_css %}{% endblock %}